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William B. Washburn
William Barrett Washburn (January 31, 1820 – October 5, 1887) was an American businessman and politician from Massachusetts. Washburn served several terms in the United States House of Representatives (1863–71) and as the 28th Governor of Massachusetts from 1872 to 1874, when he won election to the United States Senate in a special election to succeed the recently deceased Charles Sumner. A Republican, Washburn supported the Radical Republican agenda during the American Civil War and the Reconstruction Era that followed. He was a major proponent of a railroads in northern and western Massachusetts, sitting on the board of the Connecticut River Railroad for many years.
==Early life==
William Barrett Washburn was born on January 31, 1820 in Winchendon, Massachusetts, to Asa and Phoebe (Whitney) Washburn. His father was a hat maker from a family with deep colonial roots; Emory Washburn, who was Governor of Massachusetts in 1854, was a distant cousin. Asa Washburn died in 1823.〔Williams, pp. 34-35〕
Washburn was educated in the academies at Hancock and Westminster, and then attended Yale College, graduating in 1844.〔Williams, p. 35〕 He was a member of the Skull and Bones Society.〔 "This list is compiled from material from the Order of Skull and Bones membership books at Sterling Library, Yale University and other public records. The latest books available are the 1971 ''Living members'' and the 1973 ''Deceased Members'' books. The last year the members were published in the ''Yale Banner'' is 1969."〕 He was employed as a store clerk from 1844 to 1847 in the business of his uncle in Orange. He established a chair factory in Erving, operating it from 1847 to 1857 and parlaying a $10,000 investment into a wood products business whose annual production exceeded $150,000.〔 In 1849 he cofounded the Franklin County Trust Company, on whose board he sat until 1858.〔Lockwood, p. 664〕 He moved to Greenfield in 1857, where he was elected president of the Greenfield Bank (later the First National Bank), a post he would hold for the rest of his life.〔McGee, p. 866〕
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